Quantative methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Quantative methods - Essay Example The distances between each internal on the scale is equal. The location of zero is arbitrary in an interval scale. For example, the difference between 80 degree and 70 degree on a Fahrenheit scale is the same as the difference between 50 degree and 40 degree. But we cannot say that 80 degree is twice as hot as 40 degree because the zero does not represent the lack of temperature but a relative point on the Fahrenheit scale. In ratio scale there are absolute quantities and it possesses an absolute zero. An absolute zero represents an absence of an attribute. We use a ratio scale when measuring weight. If we hear zero kilograms of wheat, then it means there is no wheat. 4. Of the 50 respondents 13(26%) have said that they watch the national network news at 5:30 pm on Channel 5. 9(18%) respondents see it on Channel 3, 21(42%) see it on Channel 8 and 7(14%) were undecided. 9(18%) respondents see the local news on Channel 3, 25(50%) see on Channel 8, 11(22%) see on Channel 5 and 5(10%) ar e undecided. 24(48%) respondents rated the local news station they watched as good. 12(24%) respondents rated it as very good and 6(12%) said that it was excellent. Only 3(6%) rated it as poor. 17(34%) respondents rated the sports coverage as good, 16(32%) rated as very good and 10(20%) as excellent. Only 5(10%) rated it as poor. 35(70%) respondents rated the weather report as good or above. ... 33(66%) respondents say that the network news station is not an influence regarding which local news they watch. The shape of the frequency distribution of the variable X14 is trimodal. It has three modes. It can also be said that it is J-shaped because the highest values are at the extreme left. The frequency distribution of variable X15 is such that it has multiple modes. The shape of variable X17 is bimodal. The frequency distribution of variable X18 and X19 is approximately normal (bell-shaped). Recommendations The average age of the household head in Middletown is 44 years, and most of the household heads are in the range of 24-40 years. So Channel 5 should concentrate on targeting middle age men aged 25-45 so that they gain maximum viewership. Middle aged people usually are interested in sports and local news so Channel 5 should concentrate on showing more sporting events and give up to date local news. Channel 5 should also concentrate on those people who have rated local news , sports coverage and weather updates poorly. Channel 5 should also show sports and local news at prime time as this is the time when the maximum number of people is watching television. On average the people have been living in this state for 26.78 years. So they may be very interested in the local news. It is important that Channel 5 focuses on the local news. People in the area do not watch a lot of TV. They watch an average of 12.08 hours per week which makes it 1.72 hours per day. So Channel 5 needs to find out when the people watch TV the most and then target that spot. 5. Mean, median and mode are the three most important measures of the central tendency. They indicate where the center or the most typical value of the data set lies. The mean is simply

Criminal Justice Budget Essay Example for Free

Criminal Justice Budget Essay Harris County, in Houston Texas, contains a pretty large population, and a large majority of that population classified as home owners. Harris county’s geographic size is considerably large, with a population estimate exceeding 3,935,855 peoples in 2007 (US Census Bureau, 2009). Furthermore, the percentage of Caucasians is around 73. 6%, with the Black population consisting of 18. 9%, Native Americans exceeding . 6%, Asian persons around 5. 5% and lastly the Hispanic population being around 38. 6% (US Census Bureau, 2009). The land area per 200 square miles is 1,728. Harris County’s current federal spending budget for the year of 2007 is around 21, 152, 659. When determining a budget for Harris County, one important aspect to consider is the county’s retail sales, which is around 39,358,036, displaying the current of industry and economic growth. The federal government spent over 19 billion dollars in 2003 on the war on drugs, at a rate of about 600 dollars per second (www. drugsense. org). The total amount of money spent on the war on drugs at the federal level is about 4,258,600,939, while at the state level 6,536,936,825, totaling over 10,800,600,300 dollars (www. drugsense. com). The failed war on drugs has not stopped drug usage, on the contrary, it has made criminal cartels rich by illegalizing drugs, thus giving them a product to sell, and increased not only the availability and potency of drugs, but, also their rate of usage across the country. For example, after the US has spent over 500 billion dollars to fight drugs, cocaine is now as cheap as it was when kingpin Escobar died and more heavily used, furthermore, methamphetamine, which was barley even a problem in the years following 1993, is now used by over 1. 5 million Americans and is proven to be more addictive than crack (Wells, 2007). The war on drugs has put over 500,000 people behind bars for drug crimes with no discernable effect on the drug trafficking industry, if anything; it has grown (Wells, 2007). When preparing a budget for Harris County, the most important thing that could be done is ending the failed war on drugs, which would save tax payers an estimated 12 billion dollars or more a year. Furthermore, instead of focusing a majority of the states federal budget on building more prisons begin building more universities, and residential communities. I find it interesting to note that the annual cost to tax payers in California to keep and maintain their prisons is around 10 billion per year, if this spending trend continues; California will be spending more on prisons than on universities (Abramsky, 2007). In ending the war on drugs, with the billions that would be saved, tax cuts, business incentives, and an overall increase in the standard of living for the community. Furthermore, instead of building prisons, states could build real, industry that produces’ real goods. References Wells, Ben (2007) How America Lost the War on Drugs Rolling Stone retrieved on March 16, 2009 from http://www. rollingstone. com/news/story/17438347/how_america_lost_the_war_on_drugs Abramsky, Sasha (2007) Prison Crisis: Will California Spend more on jails than Universities? Rights and Liberties retrieved on March 16, 2009 from http://www. alternet. org/rights/65868/? page=entire US Census Bureau (2009) State and County quick facts The US Census Bureau on March 16, 2009 from http://quickfacts. census. gov/qfd/states/48/48201. html Unknown Author (2009) Drug War Clock Drug Sense retrieved on March 16, 2009 from http://www. drugsense. org/wodclock. htm

An Analysis of Moll Flanders Essay -- Moll Flanders Essays

An Analysis of Moll Flanders    The novel is about the realistic experiences of a woman in the underworld of 18th century London. She is anonymous, Moll Flanders being a pseudonym which she adopts when she needs an alternative identity for her criminal life.    She has no family, having been abandoned by her own mother - a transported felon, and her upbringing, education, social position and material well - being are all constantly precarious.    She lives in a hostile, urban world, which allows for no weakness. Social position and wealth are the dominant factors for survival. She has neither and her life is a struggle to achieve both. She is clever and persevering, always alert to opportunity and she survives and becomes rich, although after a life fraught with difficulty, much of it of her own making.    Defoe's novel gives us a clear sense of daily life and the anxieties attendant on economic and social uncertainty and he displays a clear understanding of female specifics, in a criminal world. Defoe himself was an 'outsider'. A Londoner who often had to live by his wits, pursued by creditors and spending time in Newgate prison for debt. His own honesty was at times rather dubious.    He writes accurate social history in a fictional form. The social details in 'Moll Flanders' are very accurate, even those set in Virginia and the novel is also politically and economically structured.    The themes of the novel, in part, are transgression, repentance and redemption, which are to be expected, given Defoe's Dissenting background. Moll's fortunes do not prosper in the 'Babylon' of London, but in Virginia, in the 'New' world. Perhaps Defoe was suggesting, like hi... ...ly innocent, despite her adventures and her chosen lifestyle as a master criminal. Defoe shows us the two sides of her character in constant opposition. On the one hand, she can be thrifty, cold and efficient and on the other, reckless, excited and bold. She is never dull. Again, Defoe makes no moral judgement, but leaves the reader to make his own.    The novel is structured so that we see a series of parodies of tragic situations, which often become almost bizarre in their comic absurdity. Moll sometimes behaves insensitively, or even in a completely callous way, but Defoe's heroine is never contemptible, eagerly thrusting from one experience to the next. The novel has a deep intensity of experience. Moll's emotions, too are mixed and unstable, but she always recognises and articulates them, even if she does not show complete understanding of them.

Cookie-N-Cream Case Study ANS Essay

1. What are some location advantages that Cookies-N-Cream has that a brick-and-mortar retailer doesn’t have? Are there any drawbacks to a mobile vendor’s choice of location? The first advantage that comes to mind is the lack of property tax. Selling out of a van eliminates this tax. It also allows them to drive to the customer, they can relocate to a busier place if the location they are currently set up at is slow. The drawback is it may be difficult to find if a returning customer is looking for them. Also, a stolen van equals a loss in their entire inventory. 2. Discuss site costs, retailing and office equipment, and other financial considerations of a mobile vendor such as Cookies-N-Cream. A mobile vendor needs to have a reliable vehicle. A vehicle that breaks down will cost money to fix and also means they will lose out on a day’s work. Fuel costs must also be brought into consideration. A register and safe must be purchased that can run in the van. The van must also be customized so the store can be operational. This may cost some money to get it the way the owners want it to be. The owners also need to purchase licenses to sell in various areas. Each one of them cost a significant amount of money. 3. What legal considerations affect Cookies- N-Cream’s choice of location? How do those compare with the legal considerations of brick-and-mortar and home-based businesses? Having a mobile business means the owners need to be sensitive to each area they enter to sell. Each location may have its own set of rules or laws, so they need to be knowledgeable in each. A brick and mortar store does not have to deal with varying rules. The same goes for home-based businesses. However a home-based business needs to be sensitive of the laws of operating out of a home. A business with large equipment can not run their business from a residential area.

Moral Influence in Great Expectations Essay

Show the Moral Influence on Pip in Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations Symbolism as it is used in literature aims to project the internal aspects of an individual’s character through the external aspects in reality. Charles Dickens, in his novel, Great Expectations uses symbolism in order to reflect other individuals’ moral influence on Pip. Consider for example the following instances. In the novel’s initial chapter, one is presented with the character of Pip who is described as an orphan with a vivid imagination. As he recounts his initial experiences in life, Pip mentions that his â€Å"most vivid and broad impression of the identity of things, seems†¦to have been gained on a memorable raw afternoon towards evening† (Dickens, 1992, p. 3). It was during this evening that Pip met the convict, Magwitch. The use of symbolism in his encounter with Magwitch is evident as Pip’s initial introduction to the villainous aspects of man’s nature, in the form of Magwitch, occurred during the transition from day to night. One sees here how Dicken’s uses the shift from day to night as a means of shifting the mood within the novel in such a way that will prepare the reader for his encounter with an individual who is in possession of a questionable moral character. In addition to this, one perceives here the manner through which Magwitch’s moral character affects Pip’s moral disposition as Pip was introduced to committing morally questionable actions through his chance encounter with Magwitch. As opposed to the use of darkness as a means of symbolizing the immoral aspects of man, Dickens also uses the light as a means of symbolizing the moral aspects of man. For example, one is presented with Pip’s initial encounter with Estella. Estella, which literally means star, is presented as an ‘angelic’ being who inspires Pip to desire for the finer things in life. Reference Dickens, C. (1992). Great Expectations. London: Wordsworth Editions, 1992.

Reasons why Bombing Japan was not justified

Reasons why Bombing Japan was not justified Introduction The dropping of the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki are still one of the most controversial happenings in recent history. Historians have passionately debated whether the bombings were essential, the effect that they had in ending the war in the Pacific Region, and what other alternatives were on hand for the United States.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Reasons why Bombing Japan was not justified specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These very same questions were also debatable during that time, as American decision makers deliberated on how to put to use powerful new technology and what the long-term impact of atomic weaponry would be on the Japanese (Hasegawa 96). This essay presents a debate on reasons why the U.S. was not justified in using the atomic bomb on Japan. Most historians who have been taking part in the debate on how World War II ended have based much of their focus on why the U.S. de cided to drop the atomic bomb. Despite the much emphasis placed on this matter, there has been little attention directed on the role played by the Japanese in ending the war. Even less information is available on soviet-decision-making and their joining the war against Japan. One of the major obstacles, which were overcome only recently, was the absence of a historian who was fluent in English, Japanese and Russian to enable him to examine the major materials, which included government, military, and intelligence memos and reports in all the three languages. This explains in part why most of the available literature on the subject only touches on the American side of the story. One of the reasons why bombing Japan was not justified is because America had other options, which they could have used to compel Japan to surrender. In his 2005 milestone study titled Racing the Enemy: Stalin, Truman, and the Surrender of Japan, historian Tsuyoshi Hasegawa critically examines the threefold w artime relationship between America, Japan, and the Soviet Union. What comes out from this careful study is the fact that America had other options that they could have pursued instead of the bombings but which they chose to ignore. According to Hasegawa (100), the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin had indicated to America that he would attack Japan on 15 August 1945. This meant that America had up to 15th August to force Japan to surrender in order to prevent the Soviet union from joining the war something that would make Truman and his government to appear weak. Contrary to the claim that Americans used the bomb as a last resort, Hasegawa disagrees and claims that the early August date was chosen to counter the Soviets’ impeding attack in order to prevent them from joining the war.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In fact, the diligent research done by Hasegawa dispels the n otion that the bombings weakened Japan’s position thus leading to their surrender. According to the historian, the myth that the bombings weakened Japan’s will to fight and that they saved both Japanese and American soldiers is only meant to justify Truman’s decision and help in easing the conscience of the American people. According to Hasegawa, this myth lacks any historical backing since there is enough evidence to show that there were other alternatives besides the use of the bombs but Truman and his administration chose to ignore them. Historians claim that Truman’s main worry was that allowing Stalin to enter the war would be an important strategic gain for him and this would pose a big threat to American interests in the region. With a deadline to beat, the only option that remained for Truman and his administration was to use the atomic bomb (Hasegawa 101). Although Japan had not yet given a public indication that it intended to surrender, insider s knew that the country could not continue with the war and surrender was imminent. This admission is contained in intelligence reports showing that Truman was privy to information that Japan had abandoned its goal of victory and was instead planning on how to harmonize its national pride with losing the war. With this kind of information, it is clear that America had no justification whatsoever to use the bombs since it was only a matter of time before the Japanese admitted defeat. The second reason that makes the American bombing unjustified is the deeply flawed casualty claims. As it is, the exact number of Allied and Japanese lives that were likely to be lost during the intended invasion remains unknown. However, it is evident that those who supported the bombing have escalated the prediction of those who could have died from the earlier prediction of 45,000 given by the U.S. War Department. Ten years after the bombings, Truman claimed that George Marshall feared losing close to a half million soldiers if the war was not brought to an abrupt close. This contradicted the claims by Stimson the Secretary of War who two years after the war had claimed that over a million people were dead, wounded, or missing.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Reasons why Bombing Japan was not justified specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In a 1991 address to congress, George Bush claimed that Truman’s decision to drop the bomb ‘spared’ millions of American lives. Four years after the claims by Bush, a crewmember of Bock’s car, the plane that dropped one of the bombs stated that the bombing preserved the lives of over six million people. Over the years, historians have provided evidence to show that the casualty figures offered by Truman and his bombing supporters were seriously flawed. One historian claimed that the people who supported the high casualty claims relied upon strained readin gs and omitted crucial material, which in effect limited their research and cast a shadow of doubt on their findings. Hasegawa and other anti-bombing historians did not refute the claim that Truman was concerned at the possibility of America losing many lives during the invasion, but the projected numbers were way below the exaggerated figures provided after the war to rationalize the bombings. Such inflated figures, along with Japan’s presumed rejection of surrendering is usually a part of the debate on why the atomic bombs were necessary but from the proffered evidence, these claims are highly questionable. Another reason to prove that the bombing was not justified is derived from looking at the real reasons why Japan surrendered. According to political analysts, postwar interviews with numerous Japanese military and civilian leaders showed that Japan could have given in before November 1, which is the date that the U.S. had planned to invade the country. This was not becau se Japan was afraid of atomic bombs or the impeding Soviet entry but because they had no reason to continue fighting in a war, which they were certain to lose. This conclusion definitely supports the view that the bombings were not in any way necessary to end the war and their use was therefore unjustified. Historians project that given the huge impact that the Soviet entry into the war and the air-naval blockade imposed by the Allied forces, there is high possibility that Japan would have surrendered before any invasion since its resources to support the war had dwindled. Historians question why Truman was not willing to avoid the costly invasion of Japan by allowing the Soviet entry instead of dropping the bombs.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The question of Truman and his administration not knowing about Japan’s intention to surrender does not arise since historians have discovered records showing that Truman was in possession of intercepted and decoded Japanese intelligence communication, which showed their willingness to surrender. As Hasegawa (110) rightly put it, if Truman and his ilk really wanted to desist from using the atomic bomb as it was claimed after the war, then why was the intelligence reports in the intercepted cables ignored? According to the historian, stressing the decisive role of the atomic bombs in ending the war was meant to weaken the importance of soviet entry into the war thus making inconsequential the Soviet role in ending the war. This was meant to display the super weapon that was only possessed by the United States. Conclusion The dropping of the atomic bombs on Hiroshima (August 6, 1945) and Nagasaki (August 9, 1945) is still one of the most debated topics in modern history. Accord ing to most historians, the bombings were unjustified because there were other available options to end the war but they were ignored. Contrary to the claim that Americans used the bomb as a last resort, most historians disagree and claim that the early August date was chosen to counter the Soviets’ impeding attack on August 15 1945. This ensured that America got the credit for ending the war. Hasegawa, Tsuyoshi. Racing the Enemy: Stalin, Truman, and the Surrender of Japan. Harvard University Press, 2005. 89-112. Print.

USSR.

USSR. In the 1930's, change was a key part of the USSR, as radical changes were taking place in every aspect of peoples lives. In this essay, I will be looking at the extent of the changes that Stalin imposed on the USSR.The driving force behind all of the changes taking place in the USSR was the second revolution or 'the revolution from above', where instead of the population revolting, the top of the hierarchy implemented the revolution by imposing big changes throughout the country, the major change was the removal of capitalism and the re-introduction of socialism through the collectivisation and industrialisation processes, whereby all production in agriculture and industry was made by the population as a whole in collective factories and farms, with all produce going to the state to be 're-distributed'.Here I will examine the first set of changes made by Stalin, economic change.English: Joseph StalinAs I have talked about already, the really major economic change was the switch from capitalism back to socialism. Originally the NEP was still in effect as the remains of Lenin's reign at the top, but Stalin disliked this as it was capitalism which went against his beliefs and policies, so he set about modernising the USSR. He put this plan into practice by collectivising the agricultural industry, by claiming state ownership of all rural land and property, then merging several small privately owned farms into a one large collectivised farm, in these farms, everyone in the local area would work together to create a large amount of produce, which would then be sent away to a headquarters for redistribution and for export.In the industrial sector, socialist ideas were also in place, as in more urban areas, collective factories were established where large scale production took place, similarly...

Major General Gideon J. Pillow in the Civil War

Major General Gideon J. Pillow in the Civil War Gideon Pillow - Early Life Career: Born June 8, 1806 in Williamson Country, TN, Gideon Johnson Pillow was the son of Gideon and Ann Pillow.   A member of a well off and politically-connected family, Pillow received a classical education in local schools before enrolling at the University of Nashville.   Graduating in 1827, he read law and entered the bar three years later.   Befriending future president James K. Polk, Pillow married Mary E. Martin on May 24, 1831.   Later that year, Tennessee Governor William Carroll appointed him a district attorney general.   Possessing an interest in military affairs, Pillow commenced service in the state militia with the rank of brigadier general in 1833.   Increasingly wealthy, he expanded his land holdings to include plantations in Arkansas and Mississippi.   In 1844, Pillow used his influence to aid Polk in obtaining the 1844 Democratic nomination for president. Gideon Pillow - Mexican-American War: With the beginning of the Mexican-American War in May 1846, Pillow sought a volunteer commission from his friend Polk.   This was granted on July 1, 1846 when he received an appointment as a brigadier general.   Initially leading a brigade in Major General Robert Pattersons division, Pillow saw service under Major General Zachary Taylor in northern Mexico.   Transferred to Major General Winfield Scotts army in early 1847, he took part in the siege of Veracruz that March.   As the army moved inland, Pillow demonstrated personal bravery at the Battle of Cerro Gordo but his leadership proved weak.   Despite this, he received a promotion to major general in April and ascended to division command.   As Scotts army neared Mexico City, Pillows performance improved and he contributed to the victories at Contreras and Churubusco.   That September, his division played a key role in the Battle of Chapultepec and he suffered a severe wound in his left ankle. Following Contreras and Churubusco, Pillow clashed with Scott when the latter directed him to correct official reports that overemphasized the role he played in the victories.   Refusing, he worsened the situation by submitting a letter to New Orleans Delta under the name Leonidas which claimed that the American triumphs were solely the result of Pillows actions.   When Pillows machinations were exposed following the campaign, Scott had him arrested on charges of insubordination and violating regulations.   Pillow then accused Scott of being part of bribery scheme to bring an early end to the war.   As Pillows case moved towards court-martial, Polk became involved and ensured that he was exonerated.   Leaving the service on July 20, 1848, Pillow returned to Tennessee.   Writing of Pillow in his memoirs, Scott stated that he was only person I have ever known who was wholly indifferent in the choice between truth and falsehood, honesty and dishonesty and willing to commit a total sacrifice of moral character to attain his desired end. Gideon Pillow - The Civil War Approaches:            Through the 1850s Pillow worked to enhance his political power.   This saw him unsuccessfully attempt to secure the Democratic nomination for vice president in both 1852 and 1856.   In 1857, Pillow was outmaneuvered by his rivals when he sought to gain a seat in the US Senate.   During this period, he befriended Isham G. Harris who was elected Governor of Tennessee in 1857.   As sectional tensions worsened, Pillow actively supported Senator Stephen A. Douglas in the election of 1860 with the goal of preserving the Union.   Following Abraham Lincolns victory, he initially resisted secession but came to support it as it was the will of the people of Tennessee. Through his connection to Harris, Pillow was appointed the senior major general in the Tennessee militia and made commander of the states provisional army on May 9, 1861.   Taking time to mobilize and train this force, he was transferred to the Confederate Army in July with the lower rank of brigadier general.   Though angered by this slight, Pillow accepted a posting to serve under Major General Leonidas Polk in western Tennessee.   That September, on Polks orders, he advanced north into neutral Kentucky and occupied Columbus on the Mississippi River.   This incursion effectively swung Kentucky into the Union camp for the duration of the conflict. Gideon Pillow - In the Field: In early November, Brigadier General Ulysses S. Grant began moving against the Confederate garrison at Belmont, MO across the river from Columbus.   Learning of this, Polk dispatched Pillow to Belmont with reinforcements.   In the resulting Battle of Belmont, Grant succeeded in driving back the Confederates and burning their camp, but narrowly escaped when the enemy attempted to cut his line of retreat.   Though largely inconclusive, the Confederates claimed the engagement as a victory and Pillow received the thanks of the Confederate Congress.   As in Mexico, he proved difficult to work with and soon was engaged in a dispute with Polk.   Abruptly leaving the army in late December, Pillow recognized he had made a mistake and was able to have his resignation cancelled by President Jefferson Davis. Gideon Pillow - Fort Donelson: Assigned to a new post at Clarksville, TN with General Albert S. Johnston as his superior, Pillow began forwarding men and supplies to Fort Donelson.   A key post on the Cumberland River, the fort had been targeted by Grant for capture.   Briefly commanding at Fort Donelson, Pillow was superseded by Brigadier General John B. Floyd who had served as Secretary of War under President James Buchanan.   Effectively surrounded by Grants army by February 14, Pillow proposed a plan for the garrison to break out and escape.   Approved by Floyd, Pillow assumed command of the left wing of the army.   Attacking the next day, the Confederates succeeded in opening a line of escape.   Having accomplished this, Pillow shockingly ordered his men back to their trenches to resupply before departing.   This pause allowed Grants men to reclaim the ground lost earlier.       Irate at Pillow for his actions, Floyd saw no alternative but to surrender.   Wanted for graft in the North and seeking to avoid capture and possible trial for treason, he turned command over to Pillow.   Having similar fears, Pillow devolved command to Brigadier General Simon B. Buckner.   That night, he departed Fort Donelson by boat leaving Buckner to surrender the garrison the next day.   Informed of Pillows escape by Buckner, Grant commented if I had got him, Id let him go again. He will do us more good commanding you fellows.        Ã‚   Gideon Pillow - Later Posts: Though directed to assume command of a division in the Army of Central Kentucky, Pillow was suspended by Davis on April 16 for his actions at Fort Donelson.   Placed on the sidelines, he resigned on October 21 but had this rescinded when Davis returned him to duty on December 10.   Given command of brigade in Major General John C. Breckinridges division of General Braxton Braggs Army of Tennessee, Pillow took part in the Battle of Stones River at the end of the month.   On January 2, during an assault on the Union line, an enraged Breckinridge found Pillow hiding behind a tree rather than leading his men forward.   Though Pillow attempted to curry favor with Bragg following the battle, he was reassigned on January 16, 1863 to oversee the armys volunteer and conscription bureau.   Ã‚   A capable administrator, Pillow performed well in this new role and aided in keeping the Army of Tennessees ranks filled.   In June 1864, he briefly resumed field command to mount an attack against Major General William T. Shermans lines of communication at Lafayette, GA.   A stunning failure, Pillow was returned to recruiting duties after this effort.   Made Commissary General of Prisoners for the Confederacy in February 1865, he remained in administrative roles until his capture by Union forces on April 20.    Gideon Pillow - Final Years: Effectively bankrupted by the war, Pillow returned to practicing law.   Opening a firm in Memphis with Harris, he later sought civil service posts from Grant but to no avail.   Continuing to work as a lawyer, Pillow died of yellow fever on October 8, 1878 while in Helena, AR.   Initially buried there, his remains were later returned to Memphis and interred at Elmwood Cemetery.      Selected Sources Civil War Trust: Gideon PillowLatin Library: Gideon PillowTEHC: Gideon Pillow

Clinical epidemiology 2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Clinical epidemiology 2 - Assignment Example Breast cancer cells may be hormone-dependent while some can lie dormant in tissues for a very long time, as long as thirty years, after removal of the primary tumor (Lipkus et al, 2001). Some illnesses may act as catalysts in the progression of the disease in the body (Gail & Rimer, 1998). Consequently, this implies that even with earlier detection and treatment, there can be a risk of recurrence during the entire life of the patient. However, with early screening, it is possible to detect these cells before they start causing symptoms (Schonberg   et al, 2014; Siegel et al, 2012). Once the disease symptoms start showing, the tumors are mostly larger and will have likely spread to other parts beyond the breast. In contrast, breast cancer cells found earlier through screening are likely smaller and their presence is still limited to the breasts thus their spread is much easier to curtail, for example, through prophylactic surgery (Freedman, 2010; Nelson,  2012). At the point of detection, it is easier to estimate the prognosis of breast cancer. The size of the tumor and how far it has spread are vital indicators of predicting prognosis and are almost entirely dependent on the time of detection of the cancer (Siegel et al, 2012). Screening enables detection of the disease in early stages and hence it is possible to reverse the spread of the disease. Consequently, screening improves survival rates among breast cancer patients. The proportion of the population affected by breast cancer is a pointer to the importance of screening the at-risk population. According to studies, breast cancer is the most common form of cancer and causes the second highest number of deaths in the US (Smith et al, 2013). Health statistics indicate that out of every 8 women, one will develop a severe form of breast cancer over the course of her lifetime. In 2014 alone, close to quarter million cases of new breast cancer cases were expected to

Civilizations of the Ancient Near East Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Civilizations of the Ancient Near East - Essay Example The life and loves of Cleopatra VII, the Queen of Egypt from 5 to 30BC (Shaw,2003,p.403) had been celebrated in numerous films starred by top actresses like Elizabeth Taylor, Vivien Leigh, Theda Bara, Claudette Colbert, Janet Suzman; in plays such as those written by Shakespeare, George Bernard Shaw and John Dryden; TV series; some 20 novels; a ballet choreographed by Martha Graham; hundreds of paintings the most memorable being that of Michelangelo's and sculptures (Streissguth,199,p.101-5). Indeed she is one of the most popular women figures in world history. Most importantly she acutely epitomizes the exalted position reserved for women in ancient Egypt. Together with such powerful Egyptian queens as Hatshepsut, Nefertiti, Nefertari and Tiye, Cleopatra VII's life was a testament of the power and equality granted by ancient Egyptian society to its women during those times when practically most societies relegated women to mere childbearing and other inferior roles in society. In these modern times, women also carry in their grasp the same power, equality to men and exalted position as women like Golda Meir, Indira Gandhi, Margaret Thatcher, Harlem Brundtland, Gloria Arroyo and Hillary Clinton among others. But the power they hold are not absolute unlike the queens of Egypt. Queen Hatshepsut ruled ancient Egypt with absolute powerAncient Civilizations 3 for 21 years and earned for herself the title (as ascribed to her by famed Egyptologist James Henry Breasted) "the first great woman in history of whom we are informed" (Joseph & Lewis,1986,p.87). She was also a warrior queen who vanquished the Nubians and then later established trade with them. She was considered "one of the most successful Egyptian rulers of either sex" (Weiss & Rinear,2001,p.24). Another Egyptian warrior queen who scratched and clawed her way to absolute power using her guile, charms and brains was Cleopatra VII who had to eliminate her brothers/husbands Ptolemy XII and XIII and sister Arsinoe to grab unopposed power. Historian Antonia Fraser described her as ascending to the throne of Egypt "through sheer genius for power" and was a master of "power politics" (Fraser,1989,p.1X) having enshrined herself to absolute power by beguiling Julius Caesar and Mark Antony with the use of her wit, beauty and charms. It is important to emphasize that while the great queens of Egypt were lording it over with unhampered power, women from most civilizations

Self awareness assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Self awareness assignment - Essay Example Oakes et a defined self-esteem as â€Å"emphasize efective self-regard . . . feeling of affection toward neself (779). Others define it as an overall judgment one makes about one’s worth as a person. But regardless how it is defined, self esteem includes affective and cognitive components. â€Å"High self esteem people feel good about themselves and think they have many positive qualities† (779). On the reverse, low self-esteem people hold ambivalent feelings toward themselves and are less certain that they have many certain positive qualities (Baumeister, Tice & Hutton, 1989 qtd in Oakes et al 779). To this, Anjala and Worthen added the specifics of body image and self image which comprises self-esteem (90) Inferring from these definitions in setting up a SMART Goal in developing my self esteem, I will initially target a 20% increase in positive self esteem, progressing to 40% in the second week, 60% in the third week and 80% increase in self-esteem the fourth week of assessing the development of my self-esteem. The SMART Goal is effective because it is grounded on reality and the parameters were conservative. It is not an overly optimistic goal that is difficult to achieve that would make one eventually abandon the plan. Rather, it is composed of step by step plan that only requires realistic efforts that could be done consistently. Inferring from the definition of Oakes et al and and Anjala, I will categorize the componenets of self esteem as internal and external. Internal are those whom Oakes said to feel good about myself and which is triggered by a positive stimuli that helps us cope positively with the challenges of life(Tariq 23). To achieve these goals I will engage in activities that are consistent with the internal and external components about self esteem. With regard to the internal factor of feeling good about myself, I will begin making more friends and spending more time with family

Assessment of Chinese culture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Assessment of Chinese culture - Research Paper Example These cultural aspects included different religious beliefs, eating habits and diverse beliefs towards family planning methods. Through cultural biasness created, the researcher realized that Chinese distance themselves when communicating with other, avoid too many question by keeping silent and have a sense of humor. The researcher recommended nurses to build trusting relationships, advance their medical training programs and learn to communicate effectively in a multicultural environment. Lastly, the conclusion summarized what the researcher discussed under the research topic. Assessment of Chinese Culture Introduction Culture is an essential aspects and it plays significant roles in life of many people across the globe. Chinese culture is one of the oldest cultures that have been studied across the globe. The Chinese culture is dominant in the Eastern Asia whereby tradition, norms and values vary significantly among the provinces. They have different cultural components such as ma rtial arts, music, cuisine and many others. Cultural diversity enriches Chinese, yet it also poses varied challenges for nurses. This is because Chinese have cultural beliefs towards traditional medicines and such beliefs influences them on the way they treat illness and what constitutes good healthcare. They have beliefs on the way a person experiences and respond to pain or when one needs treatment. Nurses work with different people from diverse cultural backgrounds in order to deliver culturally competent healthcare. Therefore, nurses must embrace and understand varied cultural aspects in order to offer their patients culturally acceptable pain management. They should also be aware of the cultural beliefs, values and customs that might influence the patient’s responses to pain. Cultural belief can impact the role of nurses; thus, it is significant for nurses to stereotype patients in regard to cultural aspects. This will help nurses to understand the cultural patterns in o rder to deliver effective services. Thus, the research offers an assessment of Chinese culture and the way these cultural beliefs can impact the role of nurses; thus offering effective recommendations vital for improving nursing care in a multicultural environment. Summary of Chinese Cultural Aspects Chinese have different cultural aspects ranging from lifestyles, health practices, health beliefs and other different cultural aspects. A comprehensive interview was carried out in order to examine the way nurses build their nursing relationship with patients from different cultural areas. The qualitative data were collected through open-ended interviews in order to determine in case cultural lifestyles, health practices and health beliefs among the Chinese impact nursing roles. One man who is an M.D from a private health care organization and well conservative of Chinese culture, but living in America was interviewed. It was found that Chinese have varied health beliefs and practices t hat should be taken into consideration when dealing with Chinese patients. First, it was found that many Chinese avoid direct eye contact when communicating with others. For instance, many Asians consider it being disrespectful when looking at someone directly into the eye and this is likely to impact the roles of nurses in the hospital settings (Sagar, 2011). A Chinese patient may avoid eye

Agency Theory and Corporate Governance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Agency Theory and Corporate Governance - Essay Example This interaction between the shareholders, committee members and the board of directors are help in order to improve the performance of the company. In 1997, Malaysian corporate governance mechanism was strengthened and reformed and resulted in the establishment of the Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance (MCCG) in 2000. The impact of this study was unsatisfactory and the failures of almost 176 Malaysian companies persisted from 2004 to 2006 (Journal of American Academy of Business, Cambridge, 125). Corporate Governance also affects the cash flow or cash holdings in companies. Businesses which possess a complex nature should consider the needs and financial requirements of the firms. There are several firms who totally rely upon CEO duality. Studies revealed, that the corporations, who are under the category of independent leadership consistently performed better than the companies dependant upon CEO duality. According to the perspective prediction increment in proxy access and red uction is executive pay results in fair value (Journal of Business Research, 757). The contribution Agency Theory in a Multinational company is vast and definitely value-maximizing. It covers the aspects such as international joint ventures, internationalization, new forms of global business groups and headquarters-subsidiary relationships. Many researches suggested that apart from the prevailing concept of Agency Theory in almost all the corporations we also need to focus and investigate regarding different key corporate governance mechanism. This will help in improving the company strategies and its outcome. The areas that needs to be investigates are the work of board of directors, the nature and the role of governing owner, the role of the market for corporate control, remuneration of the company executives and also the division of the CEOs and board of directors. (The Journal of Management Studies, 471) The corporate world both has honest and fraud people in it. It has been pro ved that the concept of corporate governance can help people who does the right thing but unaware about the right way ahead. The revised code is definitely proved to be a steady step to raise the corporate governance standards and is also the best proposed code till date. The code that was issued in 2005 had potent changes on the remuneration of disclosure of individual and independent directors. This was issued by the Council of corporate disclosure and governance but was rejected by the Ministry of Finance. There were few recommendations and it affected many companies. The proposal was: 50% of the board consisted board members where the CEO and the chairman is the same person; the chairman and the CEO are family relatives; the chairman is not an independent director or owner of the corporation and last but not least, both the chairman and the CEO should be a part of the company (The Business Times by Mak Yuen Teen). Critique and analysis: Insolvency is a very important aspect of L aw or any company and there are many case laws on this particular aspect. Usually, a managed investment or a trust is described as insolvent but under the Corporation Act 2001 (CTH), a person cannot be called insolvent in such cases. The analysis of the viable purposes of this act needs to be performed by the trustee of the company or firm. The director or the owner as well as the creditors face problems when the trustee is insolvent as it leads to lack of guidance. In the Corporation Act 2001, it clearly states that a director of a firm needs to restrict any kind of insolvent trading or business deals by the company. A company is notified as an Insolvent company when it not only

Assessment of Chinese culture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Assessment of Chinese culture - Research Paper Example These cultural aspects included different religious beliefs, eating habits and diverse beliefs towards family planning methods. Through cultural biasness created, the researcher realized that Chinese distance themselves when communicating with other, avoid too many question by keeping silent and have a sense of humor. The researcher recommended nurses to build trusting relationships, advance their medical training programs and learn to communicate effectively in a multicultural environment. Lastly, the conclusion summarized what the researcher discussed under the research topic. Assessment of Chinese Culture Introduction Culture is an essential aspects and it plays significant roles in life of many people across the globe. Chinese culture is one of the oldest cultures that have been studied across the globe. The Chinese culture is dominant in the Eastern Asia whereby tradition, norms and values vary significantly among the provinces. They have different cultural components such as ma rtial arts, music, cuisine and many others. Cultural diversity enriches Chinese, yet it also poses varied challenges for nurses. This is because Chinese have cultural beliefs towards traditional medicines and such beliefs influences them on the way they treat illness and what constitutes good healthcare. They have beliefs on the way a person experiences and respond to pain or when one needs treatment. Nurses work with different people from diverse cultural backgrounds in order to deliver culturally competent healthcare. Therefore, nurses must embrace and understand varied cultural aspects in order to offer their patients culturally acceptable pain management. They should also be aware of the cultural beliefs, values and customs that might influence the patient’s responses to pain. Cultural belief can impact the role of nurses; thus, it is significant for nurses to stereotype patients in regard to cultural aspects. This will help nurses to understand the cultural patterns in o rder to deliver effective services. Thus, the research offers an assessment of Chinese culture and the way these cultural beliefs can impact the role of nurses; thus offering effective recommendations vital for improving nursing care in a multicultural environment. Summary of Chinese Cultural Aspects Chinese have different cultural aspects ranging from lifestyles, health practices, health beliefs and other different cultural aspects. A comprehensive interview was carried out in order to examine the way nurses build their nursing relationship with patients from different cultural areas. The qualitative data were collected through open-ended interviews in order to determine in case cultural lifestyles, health practices and health beliefs among the Chinese impact nursing roles. One man who is an M.D from a private health care organization and well conservative of Chinese culture, but living in America was interviewed. It was found that Chinese have varied health beliefs and practices t hat should be taken into consideration when dealing with Chinese patients. First, it was found that many Chinese avoid direct eye contact when communicating with others. For instance, many Asians consider it being disrespectful when looking at someone directly into the eye and this is likely to impact the roles of nurses in the hospital settings (Sagar, 2011). A Chinese patient may avoid eye

Starbucks Corp Clouds In Your Coffee Case Study Essay

Starbucks Corp Clouds In Your Coffee Case Study - Essay Example Most prominently the company has sought to rapidly expand while they balance efficiency measures with the Starbuck’s Experience. In addressing Starbuck’s dilemma a number of elements are considered and recommendations advanced. The company’s overarching operating model is examined. In these regards, it’s indicated that Starbucks has a number of unique aspects in comparison to franchises. For instance, Starbucks maintains ownership control of their stores. Other aspects include the way employees are treated and clustering mechanisms. Ultimately, it’s determined that Starbuck’s has become overly corporate-centric in image and must undergo significant structural changes to remedy this problem. In these regards, the report indicates that Starbucks must allow increased franchisee responsibility and greater decompartmentalization in-terms of store models. Background Starbucks Corporation faces a number of contemporary business issues in regards to their overall organization. Specifically, operational management concerns have posed a number of pressing concerns for the coffee conglomerate. A proper understanding of the issues the company is facing requires a brief background understanding of the company’s evolution. ... As such, Starbucks adopted the tall and venti sizes, with a large variety of coffee options. These options coupled with the aura the original ownership had fostered constituted the company’s core ‘Starbucks Experience.’ From 1987 until the present day, this model was widely successful and the company witnessed substantial expansion throughout the country and, indeed, world. With the company’s rapid expansion and commodification a number of significant changes had to be instituted. Most prominently, the company instituted wide efficiency measures as a means of speeding coffee production and increasing bottom-line profits. While these efficiency measures served their purpose, a recent memo by company president Howard Schulz to key executives indicated that many of the efficiency measures have compromised the Starbuck’s Experience. For example, Schulz pointed out that in changing espresso machines the company achieved increased efficiency measures, yet lost the aroma and intimacy that constituted a particular Starbuck’s aura. Another challenge the company recognized was the increased demand for hot food while retaining the stores’ aroma and efficiency levels. In addition to balancing the in-store Starbuck’s Experience with the need for increased efficiency, the corporation’s has international expansion ambitions. Perhaps most prominently, the company has expanded into China through a hybrid partnership model with local stakeholders. This has posed challenges as in cooperating with the local stakeholders the company has had to give up a modicum of control onto internal store elements. Ultimately, Starbucks

Reflective Journal Essay Example for Free

Reflective Journal Essay The fighting spirit. What a catchy name for a title of an article that touched my heart deeply and had stirred emotions of mine. I have known this humble gentleman since the day I stepped my foot on Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), Shah Alam. We were introduced to this awe-inspiring person named Prof Datuk Seri Dr Sahol Hamid Abu Bakar during our orientation week. I have grown my fondness towards this man on the exact moment he started to give speech upon hundreds of fresh newbies in our great hall, Dewan Seri Budiman. But I never thought in my slightest mind on how his previous life story would give me this impact. One would never know, behind those smiles he put on his face, there were hardships, long ago before he made it to be a successful, acknowledged person now. I can finally understand what life is. God put us in a difficult situation just to make us stronger and to teach us how to cope with troubles when there are obstacles come between in the middle of journey. I really look up on Datuk Sahol Hamid as he was very determined to achieve his dream. How he keeps the humbleness in his daily routines although he is now an engineer in profession, really made me realize that I have to keep in my mind, I should never forget where I came from if one day, God’s willing; I managed to grab my dream in the future. Just like Datok Sahol himself, he always reminds the UiTMs’ students to never forget our duty to Allah S.W.T in spite of the busy and hectic schedule of a student. Above all, I must thank my parents for bringing me up to who I am today. For being patient with my attitudes all these while as I consider myself was not very matured during those days. After all, God’s plan is like a movie, all the good and bad things are arranged together for the good ending.

Problems In The London Zoo

Problems In The London Zoo The Zoological Society of London known as ZSL was founded by Stamford Raffles in 1826 and in 1828 it was opened to member of London Zoological Society for the study of animals, Zoo was on open to public until 1947 to get aid funding. In 1926 there were major expansions to Zoo to accommodate new animals and to keep large animals into natural environment. As Zoo continues to progress and in 1931 it was worlds first open zoological park. In 60s Institute of Zoology was established. London Zoo has been known as national history and contribution to the zoological world. Despite the low visitor turn up and today its a home of wonderful animals of more then 650 species and 130 animals are used breeding purposes. Not only that its also recognized worlds first reptile hose in late 40s and in 1852 worlds first aquarium. Decimus Burton was the first architecture designer of the zoo who was also the designer of Marble Arch London and Colosseum Theater. Q1: Identify and describe one of the problems that currently exist and explain how it is potentially harming the company. Problems in London Zoo London Zoo since its opened in 1828 has played vital role in the country scientific and entertainment activity of the society. London Zoo had grown rapidly from early start and continues expending but it ran into multiple problems in 1960s and 1970s due to various reasons. One of the major problems which can be easily identified is the lack of strategy operation plan for London Zoo. Operation strategy involved keeping the routine operations in place despite the number of visitor to the Zoo. Marketing plan had work out in the past but it all goes into drain, if end of the day customers feel lost and are not entertained or managed well. Customer dissatisfaction can potentially lead to customer not returning to Zoo and as well as it can create bad impression which can harm new or returning visitors. In these competitive era of entertainment; customer satisfaction is consider a key to success, which London Zoo has failed to provide effectively over the period of time. London Zoo has failed to delight its customer by not providing quality of service for customer processing which involved managing parking areas, queues, information desk, customer handling and information processing. Fail to achieve can lead to customer unhappiness, can create chaos and seriously damage the Zoo image. Other problem can be related to Society attitude and behaviour towards the animals, today people are well more aware of animal warfare, rights and conservation. There have been questions and debate concerning what is the role of a Zoo in society, should animal be kept in captivity or used for human entertainment. People have become much more educated and are questioning the role of Zoo in the society. Attracting number of visitors and applying capacity management operation to keep them organise have been crucial problems of London Zoo for long time. It has harmed company potentially as it has lead to various problems which included cut down in development projects; number of large animals has been move to sister Zoo to cut down the cost, services quality has affected due to lack of funds. This may lead to people not returning to Zoo for next 3 to 6 years unless there has been major development or new attraction in Zoo to drag them back to Zoo. Q2. Describe the evidence that support your claim that problem exists. Problems Evidence The major problems of London Zoo as identified previously have come to know from various sources. The source has been various reviews, feedbacks and various studies have been conducted on London Zoo to identify these problems. From past experience of the Zoo we have seen the whole operations crashed when more then expected visitors attendance. Management announce save my Zoo campaign after it failed to meet the expenses. Campaign attracted 18000 visitors in a day which lead to complete chaos in Zoo; there were queues everywhere, restaurants run out of food, parking problems and visitors found them self lost. There have been continues decline in number of visitors since 60s and 70s. Number of visitors have be fluctuating because of various reasons, There has been continues increment in number of leisure and attraction places in London only, there are around 130 major attractions in London. There have been numerous communications and travel invention has made easy to travel and trip around world which has made number of domestic visitor to decline. As stated in case there has been no major development for last 30 years, but in last couple of years Zoo has done some development work to improve the visitor attendance level. There have been animal welfare, rights, law and ethics awareness as it never been previously. Britain Govt created animal welfare advisory committee in 1967 which later became Farm Animal Welfare Council in 1979. It recommends animal freedoms and rights. There are 5 major freedoms which are promoted under this council which have been given in appendix. There have been debates in society in first half 20th century but its get intensified in 1980s to protect the ethics of animals. Due to continue awareness and debate in society has made people to think about the existence of the Zoo in society and their interest towards the Zoo. Customer Quality satisfaction has been the main issue in zoo. As its mentioned in case study, as Zoological society restructured is organisational departments to improve the operations and quality of service. After reviewing various unbiased reviews, the quality of service has been poor in London Zoo and as customer feedback shows there has been lack in operation management. There have been number of issues with visitors which includes poor operations and Planning, Empty Cages, Low Food Quality, Queues Everywhere, Lack of Seating, Baby facility. Few customer reviews have been attached in appendix with references. Q3. Carry out a critical literature review to identify what is considered to be Best-Practice in the area of Operations Management related to the problem. Literature Review and Best-Practice Introduction London is one of the major tourist attraction for visitors around the world, every year approximately 150m number of tourism day trips are made to London (source: The Countryside Commission website) and estimated total attendance 50m to London attractions during 2006 (Source: Visit London website). As a result of large number of visitors; attraction increases competition and importance to continuously improve the service quality to attract large chuck of visitors coming from domestically and internationally. Literature Review As previously discussed London Zoo has number of problems from which one of the major problem is to address the issue of service quality and customer satisfaction. There are various academic studies has been conducted to address the issues related to customer satisfaction, service quality and behavioural intent. Different model present different method of measuring the service quality some author describe as gap between customer expectation and perception, alternate author believe assessing the perceive quality by customer is a component to measure quality. A literature overview of different models can be found in Cauchick Miguel and Salomi (2004) presented in table 1 below. Table 1 Proposed models for measuring service quality (adapted from Cauchick Miguel and Salomi, 2004). As it can be concluded from the diagram there is no best practice to be adapted to measure the quality service. SERVQUAL has been centre of debate for most researchers but there have been critics of its accuracy, validity and implication on all kind of service industry. There has been intense use of SERVQUAL model in different service industry like banking, fast-food restaurant, call centre and other various industries despite huge criticism of the model. As oppose to SERVQUAL other model was developed as a result of criticism, SERVPERF is comparatively less used in industries like hotels, public services, cell phones services and various other. SERVPERF critics believed its only applicable in developed countries. SERVPERF Model One of the strong critics SERVQUAL model were Cronin and Taylor (1992) and they developed their own new model based on the original model, they argued that quality service can be measured based performance only. SERVPERF model is single item scale and developed based on performance satisfaction as oppose to performance and expectation in SERVQUAL. SERVQUAL Model The SERVQUAL model is a technique that can be used to measure a gap and perform analysis of an organization between customer expectation for the service and their perceptions of the providers. It can also be used internally to perform the gab analysis of the employees and employers. It was initially based on 10 aspects if measuring the service quality of an organisation and later refined by author to five dimensions which are reliability, assurances, tangibles, empathy and responsiveness. SERVQUAL requires conduction a detailed survey or questioner to analysis the gaps between what was expected by the customer and what currently offered by the organisation. It involves relevant important of each question and measurement of perceived service and measurement of quality service provided. Conclusion From the brief literature review we can conclude that best practice can be SERVQUAL Model as its widely used in for service quality measurement model. SERVERF can be useful but its not as intensely studied and reviewed by researches and practitioners. SERVQUAL Gap Model Diagram illustrated Available at: http://www.gccrm.com/eng/content_details.jsp?contentid=2068subjectid=101 [Accessed 8 November 2009] Q4. From the conclusions drawn from your literature review and your findings within the case study create a proposal for the changes you would like to see introduced to solve the selected problem. Finding and Change Proposal A conclusion can be drowned from research, evidence and literature review that Zoo has number of problems which can be addresses by following these steps. Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction Development Work Animal Captivity and welfare Issues Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction As previously found the customer satisfaction and quality of service score was low. Furthermore the finding of review of different customer at various review sites shows that London Zoo operations have poor performance which includes poor operations and planning, empty cages, low quality food and queues everywhere. This shows there is a gap between customer perception and service provided. As suggested from literature review that customer satisfaction and perception can be achieved and that can be used to improve the services. After gathering the results from SERVQUAL model, these issues should be addressed operation management tools. Development Works There has been greater decline towards the visitors attendance due to lack of attraction and facility provided by London Zoo. The new development like African Bird Safari in 2005, In 2006 Meet the Monkeys opening and walkthroughs Into Africa Butterfly Paradise and Gorilla Kingdom and Clore Rainforest Lookout in the year 2007 by the London Zoo were encouraging and right steps towards creating more attractions, But as analysis shows its only mange to increase visitors at smaller scale and reviews shows customer were not satisfy with the new Gorilla Kingdom as their expectation were much higher then the what the got. There should be continue development in providing support facilities like baby facility, seating facility, parking, extra counters to reduce queues and journey planner for Zoo to walk through the Zoo to give complete and entertaining day out in Zoo. Animal Captivity and welfare Issues One of the major concerns by animal rights and welfare society were to address the issues related to animal facility and welfare in society. London Zoo management should work towards the captivity and happiness of animals. London Zoo should work to provide natural environment for animals so there happiness are confirmed with the entertaining of the visitors. Animal breading and preservation research work should be launched by zoological society and should raise awareness about the work been done but zoological society, so in this way instead of become party against all the animal rights and welfare organisation ZSL can actually work with hand to hand to address these issues and develop a positive society attitude. Conclusion The above mentioned points can clearly address the basic and major problems currently faced by London Zoo. It can certainly create positive and healthy attraction and attitude of the society and which can lead to new visitors and as long as returning visitors as well. Q5. Additional task: If you were appointed as a Management Consultant of London Zoo and you were requested to conduct a competitive analysis of your park versus those offered in: 1) Bristol zoo and 2) Chester zoo in order to improve your competitive edge and attract more customers; which operations mange tools/models would you use to do so and why? After so doing, what set of reasonable improvements would you suggest to the London Zoo director. Competitive Analysis To evaluate the strength of competition is the key to gain competitive edge on your competitors. The competitive environment provides opportunity to analysis the own organization and competitor as well, to achieve this edge various tools and models are available which are widely used in different industry sectors. There are different methods and techniques available to conduct a competitive analysis of different organization in similar industry. Popular models include Porters Five Competitive Forces SWOT Analysis Competitive Benchmarking Porters Five Competitive Forces Michael Porter model provides the framework to gain competitive edge by analysing the industry context in which firm operates. The competitive model is identifying the 5 basic competitive forces: Entry of competitors Threat of substitutes Bargaining Power of buyers Bargaining Power of suppliers Rivalry among the existing players Critics believe that this model is to analysis individual business strategies and extra care is required to not to underestimate current organization strength and weakness. SWOT Analysis SWOT analysis is used to analyze the competitor and identify their strengths, weaknesses; opportunities and threats which help determine the target market, competitive edge, customer services and forecasting. Strengths This is use to identify the strength, potential strategy, marketing strength, customer services and positive tangible, intangibles. Weaknesses Weaknesses involve evaluating the culture, organization structure, operation efficiency, operation capacity, market share and position on experience curve. Opportunities An opportunity is consider as a chance to introduce new product or service. Opportunity can arise due to external factors and can increase the chance of high return. Threats Similar to opportunity these may lead to potential threat, it can be social changes, customer, competitor, new technology, economic or political and regularity changes. Benchmarking Benchmarking is a process to identify performance of organizational processes and activity are best-practice. The objective of benchmarking is to evaluate business unit, division, and organisation performance as compared to similar industry. There are 5 types of benchmarking Internal Benchmarking Competitive Benchmarking Functional Benchmarking Generic Benchmarking Collaborative Benchmarking In this scenario competitive analysis should be performed using performance or Competitive Benchmarking. Competitive Benchmarking Competitive Benchmarking is used to identify and compare the company performance with a competitor. Comparison can be all dimension of a business it can range from finance, product and services, technology, development and personal polices. To increase Zoo competitiveness, it helps to understand how your operations and business processes compare to that your competitors. It allows to examination of current processes and weaknesses which help to change and improve with experience and practice. While conduction benchmarking it should be clearly define and data information shared. Wrong comparison and less information may lead to meaningless comparison. Process of benchmarking can be elaborate using following diagram. Benchmarking process [online] Available at www.pcimag.com [Accessed 17 November 2009] Improvement Recommendations Would like to suggest following recommendations: Strengthen the competitive edge and try to come over weakness identified while doing competitive analysis. Improve Quality of service and customer satisfaction Provide support facilities like baby facility, seating areas and information desk Improve daily operation task effectively Increase the big animals which can increase the competitive edge Provide animals with closer to nature living facilities Take measures to cater the animal happiness and welfare issues. Appendix Customer Reviews London Zoo, not great! On a 3 day trip to London and unfortunately was part of a day I felt could have been spent somewhere else! It is one of the worst Zoos I have ever been to! Most of the cages were empty and to be honest I have been to much better zoos!! by gooseuk7 [online] Available at: http://www.tripadvisor.co.uk/ShowUserReviews-g186338-d187553-r48182591-London_Zoo-London_England.html [Accessed 9 November 2009] London Zoo An expensive waste of time Costly admission prices to a zoo with few interesting animals and many sections and stalls empty. The admission prices are already expensive at  £13 per adult,  £10 per child, but then the ticket sellers force you to pay an extra  £1.50 optional donation. Its hard to stand up to them to avoid this donation. Car parking is expensive at  £9. There were no elephants. This has been the case for a while, and has been mentioned by other reviewers, but seems a shocking omission. There were no gorillas the whole section is boarded off and under development. The bugs area was also under development. There are none of the exotic animals like pandas any more. Many of the animals that were present stayed out of view. The food was pricey like the admission (but this is normal for such places).by yood [online] Available at: http://www.dooyoo.co.uk/theme-parks-zoos-national/london-zoo/1034722/ [Accessed 8 November 2009] Disappointing Ive been many times and this time was the most disappointing. Too many areas seemed to be in the middle of refurbishment. Night zone was too dark couldnt see anything. I like meerkats, but they seemed to be everywhere. The outback was dismal showing a lack of ideas. As Ive said Ive been before and those visits were much better, I would still go again in the hope that things improve. To be honest Chester zoo is better. By munslowl [Online] Available at: http://www.tripadvisor.co.uk/ShowUserReviews-g186338-d187553-r36778432-London_Zoo-London_England.html [Accessed 8 November 2009]

The Theme of Saints in Robertson Davies Fifth Business Essay -- Saint

The marvelous story of saints is one of the leading themes in Fifth Business. As the author Robertson Davies develops this theme through Dunstan’s journey into hagiology, he often uses certain saints such as Saint Dunstan, as allusions. Among the Saints that the novel refers to, Saint Paul is the perfect allusion that portrays the character of Paul Dempster since the two share strong similarities in their lives. Additionally, Saint Paul foreshadows Dunstan’s encounter with Paul Dempster. Saint Paul’s life is similar to Paul Dempster’s life in many ways. Both of them develop their hatred from an early age. Saint Paul was a Jewish student who hated Christians whom he believed to be infidels. As he grows in status, he assists in persecuting them. Similarly, Dempster has an abhorrence for his mother and her inanity which made him the laughingstock in his town. He penalizes his mother for causing him to endure such ignominy by running away. Furthermore, their display of hatred also leads them to attain and sustain a second life. Saint Paul and Paul Dempster are both reborn in their life...

Role of Gertrude in Hamlet

Raquel Tuohy Mrs. Pastor AP Lit/Comp 7 April 2013 Hamlet Perhaps one of the most ambiguous characters in Shakespeare’s Hamlet is the queen, Gertrude. She is Hamlet’s mother and the wife of her dead husband’s brother, King Claudius. As the reader, we only see her briefly, but she still manages to be a central figure in Hamlet playing the role of the elusive and sometimes shallow queen. There are several questions surround the life of Queen Gertrude, starting with even before the play, having to do with the death of her husband, Hamlet’s father.When the play starts, she has already remarried to Hamlet’s Uncle Claudius within such a short amount of time. This is rather surprising and revolting to her son Hamlet, who is still grieving over the loss of his father, but it appears that his mother has already moved on. That could only suggest that perhaps Gertrude was cheating on the king with her brother and her husband’s death was all but convenien t for her. The ghost of Hamlet’s father gives his son disturbing information about the queen, calling her â€Å"that incestuous, that adulterate beast,† (Act I, Scene I).However, there is no definitive proof, nor Shakespeare ever addresses it in the play, leaving his audience with a sense of wonder about the queen’s devotion to her husband. The thing that might intrigue the reader the most about the character of Gertrude is why she married Claudius so suddenly after her husband’s death. Was it because she knew that she needed a man to help her rule? Or was the meaning behind the courtship less malevolent than it appears? There lies the most important question: was it true love or was it politics that brought Claudius and Gertrude together?Hamlet paints the picture of Gertrude as an obedient and devoted woman to his father, but his opinion transforms during the queen’s second marriage. Hamlet doesn’t understand why Gertrude, who is labeled as the â€Å"th’imperial jointress† (Act I, Scene I) to the throne of Denmark, would need to marry someone so rapidly when she already wields power in the royal family. Possibly the most haunting question about Gertrude’s character is whether or not she knows Claudius killed her first husband. This also ties in with the question about Gertrude’s fidelity.If she did cheat on the former king with Claudius than chances are she more than likely had a role in her first husband’s death. Claudius would consider her as an accomplice and confide in her, but he never does throughout Hamlet. Furthermore, Gertrude expresses strong emotions about Ophelia and Hamlet, but never for Claudius, which is strange because they are married. Claudius tells Gertrude that he loves her, but she doesn’t return the sentiment, which again is bizarre because they are husband and wife.There are no definitive textual references about Gertrude’s involvement in her firs t husband’s poisoning. It just is another element of Gertrude’s character that is shrouded in mystery. One redeeming quality about the queen is her unwavering loyalty to Hamlet. She loves her son despite his obvious hostility towards her for marrying Claudius. Plus, Gertrude continues to stand behind him even when he lashes out at her, saying the worse possible things a son could say to his mother.When Hamlet kills Polonius in a moment of madness, Gertrude realizes that she has to tell the king that her son was the one who committed the murder, but she lies to her husband to protect her son. She tells Claudius that Hamlet is contrite and â€Å"weeps for what he has done† (Act IV, Scene I), in order to lessen the punishment that is sure to be inflicted on Hamlet by Claudius. In the final scene of the play, Gertrude expresses her deep concern for Hamlet when he wants to duel Laertes who is grieving over the loss of his father and sister and blames Hamlet for their deaths.At the end of the duel, Gertrude even drinks the wine for Hamlet, not knowing it is laden with poison. Or does she? It is still debated by scholars whether Gertrude knew the wine was toxic or not, but regardless, she didn’t have to drink it. She drank it for Hamlet because her maternal instincts triumphed over Claudius’ warning to leave the poisonous glass of wine alone. Another issue that comes up time in time again in Shakespeare’s play is Hamlet’s fascination, boarding on obsession, with Gertrude’s sex life. It’s trange for a son to be interested in what his mother does behind closed doors, but this piqued curiosity seemed to have started around the time of Gertrude’s second marriage to Claudius. Early on in the play, the reader learns that Hamlet is shaken by his mother’s hasty marriage to Claudius, leading Hamlet to believe that the world is contaminated, like an â€Å"unweeded garden† that’s â€Å"g ross and rank in nature† (Act I, Scene 2). Hamlet’s opinion of his mother may color the reader’s view of Gertrude, seeing her as a vile woman who jumps from one man to the next.There are more questions than answers surrounding Gertrude, the queen of Denmark. We don’t know if she was unfaithful or if she was complicit with Claudius in the murder of her first husband. However, the one attribute in Gertrude that nobody can dispute is the depth of love that she posses for her son. Gertrude is Shakespeare’s most mysterious character because she in intricately woven throughout the play, but her motives remain unclear to the readers.

Effective Diversity strategic management Essay

When the two important and big companies merge takes place it is necessary to understand the level of conflicts that will arise. So to avoid the conflicts its necessary that they companies create a diverse atmosphere for all the workers. Mapfre is a Spanish insurance company which is based in Majadahonda, Madrid. The name comes from the old mutual origin of the company (but the company now only refers to itself as MAPFRE. It is the leading insurance company in Spain and the largest non-life insurance company in Latin America. The company purchased Webster, Massachusetts-based Commerce Insurance Group, a major provider of motor insurance, for over â‚ ¬1.5 billion in October 2007.MAPFRE was listed in the Fortune Global 500 list on its 2008 edition. Rafael Nadal is officially sponsored by the company. The IT field person explained he is undergoing different kinds of racial discrimination’s so due to which he is not able to grow and develop himself fully in the company. The que stions that I would like to ask in the interview are:- 1) That how does the IT person will tackle culture difference in MAPFRE 2) Any way he would like to bridge the gap 3) Or he would like to be quite with everyone so as to increase the differences? 4) Will cultural difference impact his working 5) How will he try to adapt in this new culture While taking the interview of the person I understood the company basically lacks the diversity in the work place criteria, (Harvey, Carol P., 2012). Diversity in the work place means that there are many types of groups to which the employees belong and these groups are not limited to things age, sex, gender, sexual orientation, educational background, geographic location, income, wedded status, armed experience, parental status, religious attitude, work knowledge, and job organization. A primary goal of  analyzing diversity in my workplace is to check the strengths, identify all the weakness and maximize the most value for human capital as well. As I work in a bar the most there important strength on which their diversity depends is the kind of ambiance and services they provide. The ideal way to judge diversity in our bar is to have looked at the employees, looking at potential customers and setting the place according to them (Mayhew, , 2009). Effective Diversity strategic management can be created for our bar by contributing to achieve its set goals and targets effectively. The bar tenders are to proper trained, and reduction in employee dissatisfaction. If there will be diversification in the work force than there will reduction in an employer’s risk for discrimination or other kind of harassment lawsuits. The bar mangers should make programs so as to attract, recruit and have programs from different back grounds, cultures, companies etc so as to increase the production and creation of innovative solutions so as to meet all the different challenges of bars. Having different people together will create a positive atmosphere and many more customers will be attracted towards the bar. Making proper communication among the employees and motivating them to give their best will also help in developing diversity in the work place (Mayhew, , 2009). Having effective strategic managers recognize the capability to work in a global market. The workers must be able to feel that they are working in a safe and productive environment. The managers must take proper steps so as to establish business conduct and makes and regulations so that they don’t face any kind of harassment or any kind of discrimination. The management needs to act more constantly and moderately so that the employees learn from them and become more loyal , committed and focused towards their jobs.bar is a kind of place where different types of people come , some people who can create fuss for small things which can hamper the working atmosphere for the bar . So to avoid all this its necessary that management keep proper security etc so that proper peace in the working place is maintained. Thus by doing the above mentioned there can be proper diversity in the bar and  all the employees will be more dedicated towards their work. The organizational responsibility within any organization is to keep the environment clean and healthy. They should not use such things which have effect on the community services and degrade the society, (Harvey, Carol P., 2012). The company should follow the corporate social responsibility which aims to see the company actions and also encourage a positive impact on the activities of environment, consumers, employees, communities, stakeholders etc. it’s the duty of the organizations it operated directly with people who are affected by the business activities. An organization main responsibility is to support the public interests or have minimized the negative impact on the surroundings of ht community as well. An organizations become responsible to the community can promote the charitable acts by the employees and also minimize the risk of pollution as well. The individual Responsibility within a community is that he should be complete in control regarding his actions and deeds taking place in the community. He should keep the environment clean and friendly so that his nearby surrounding are effected and the community over all becomes a better place to live in. thus the individual responsibility is to check his actions whereas the organizations responsibility to take care of all the things which are effecting the environment due to them. The project manager is the one who should be able to control and see what the areas that tend to see the conflicts are arises. The first task for the project manager is to understand himself that what project planning is needed. He needs to make the process of change information which will be distributed and interested by the staff in many ways, (Harvey, Carol P., 2012). In this process there will be importance in managing the expectations and also dealing with the confusions which people will have regarding the new work. He will need to understand that what policies and procedures are to be change. The employees are not responsible to manage the changes , the employees responsibility and for which there are different for all the persons depends n the variety of factors like health,  maturity, stability, experience, personality, motivation, etc. the responsibility for managing the change in any processes which are made in the organization. The manger has the responsibility to make and facilitate and enable changes which are applied within the statements and which are needed to understand the situation (ric k, 2011). The change management is only possible when there are proper measurements which are to be considered in the planning of change and before any actions which are to be undertaken, (Harvey, Carol P., 2012). it will be completely successful when the change management plan helps to motivate the employees so as to perform their desired new activities. There should be measurement of the work which helps to provide the guidance towards goal achievement of the firm. In this case installation of a new company-wide computer system, but also the implementation of new processes is the current goal for the project managers. There are many types of conflicts which arise in the organizations. When there are managerial expectations than there tends to arise conflicts. It’s the job of the employees so as to meet the expectation are to be misunderstood, conflicts which can arise, (Harvey, Carol P., 2012). Managers need to make more communication with their goals to employees and also than which there confirming the goals in writing. A manger should be also to encourage her employees so as to ask the questions regarding the goals and also the regular meetings of the goals and also how to best so as to reach them. If the department requires information from the department in order to complete a job than the other department must respond to the request for the information, (Cox, Jr., Taylor, 1991).Some interdepartmental also disagree regarding the non responsive attitude which creates problems only. Another way of creating this sort of conflicts are to give a circular response which are to be under the review. When the people of departments are very late in responding to the request than there could be problems in the organizations so to avoid this communication is very necessary , (Harvey, Carol P., 2012). REFERENCES:- Mayhew, , R. (2009). How to analyze diversity in the workplace. Retrieved from http://www.ehow.com/ rick, T. (2011). change managment. Retrieved from http://www.torbenrick.eu/ Harvey, Carol P. (2012). Understanding and Managing Diversity. New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc. pp. 51–55. ISBN 0-13-255311-2. Cox, Jr., Taylor (1991). â€Å"The Multicultural Organization†. Academy of Management Executive, 5(2), 34-47.

Psychologists’ Participation in Military Interrogatory Operations Essay

The issue of ethical responsibility is always in question especially in the medical and allied medical fields. The article â€Å"Psychologists Clash on Aiding Interrogations† (Carey, 2008) tackles this issue in the context of the services rendered by psychologists to military operations involving the interrogation of detainees. The article points out certain details regarding this issue; among others, those tackled were the issue of this type of assistance and its relevance to the American Psychologists’ Association Code of ethics, the consideration of international laws in the performance of a psychologist’s duties, the ethical responsibilities of a psychologist to the person being interrogated, the relationship of the APA to the practice of its members, and the individual integrity of psychologists who chose to collaborate with the military in interrogatory operations. An initial approach to this issue would be to consider the role of psychologists in society in the context or professionalism. Base on the preamble of the APA Code of conduct, psychologists are â€Å"committed to increasing scientific and professional knowledge of behavior and people’s understanding of themselves and others and to the use of such knowledge to improve the condition of individuals, organizations, and society† (APA, 1992), in addition, psychologist should â€Å"respect and protect civil and human rights and the central importance of freedom of inquiry and expression in research, teaching, and publication. They strive to help the public in developing informed judgments and choices concerning human behavior. † (APA, 1992) Certain features can be easily gleaned from these APA passages; to note in particular are the psychologist’s roles in the development of academic knowledge in the field, the fostering of individual and social understanding, and in promoting and preserving individual, organizational, (your family name) 3 and social welfare. Over and above these professional roles are the particular attention given to civil and human rights and the freedom of inquiry and expression. In this context there is no argument as to whether the psychological profession in general should concede to working with the military in interrogatory operations – the mere fact that these interrogations do not serve the purposes of the profession as outlined above and may even be violations of certain civil and human rights simply shows that participating in military interrogations can be against the APA code of ethics. However, if the last part of the passage is considered, which concerns the preservation of individual, organization, and social welfare, psychologist participation in interrogations may actually serve this end. If the purpose of the military interrogation is to preserve the established order and the issue is national security, then psychologists being accountable, not only to their patients but also to their country, should do well by assisting the military in their operations. This is the argument put out by certain psychologists who have been found to be collaborating with the military – that they did not do anything to cause harm to any of the subjects of interrogation, rather, they merely ensured that the subjects were not caused any harm. In addition, they claimed to also be performing their duties to their country. Another perspective should be considered in this issue – the reports that have been going around that psychologists have been assisting the â€Å"CIA and the military in developing abusive interrogation techniques used on terrorist suspects† (Benjamin, 2007), that psychologists have collaborated with the military in the military’s secretive Survival, Evasion, Resistance and Escape program to â€Å"reverse-engineer† techniques originally designed to train U. S. soldiers to resist torture if captured, by exposing them to brutal treatment. † (Benjamin, 2007). These grim (your family name) 4 reports bring the issue of civil and human rights into the picture. In a profession that is easily abused as to its practice, civil and human rights should be protected at all costs, but what if those who are supposed to protect these rights are the ones violating the rights themselves? The military and psychology is a very unlikely and dangerous mix, with the former working for national security under the protection of national and international law, and the latter working for the advancement of the psychological profession which incidentally could be of valuable use to the military, and with only the APA Code of Ethics standing in the way, possibilities can be very scary – think Nazi concentration camp style. However, certain arguments point out that psychologists, like their military counterparts are able to set aside the APA Code of Ethics in the interest of national or international law. In the results of a 20025 APA Taskforce, it was implicitly implied that â€Å"psychologists can ignore their ethical code if a governing authority (in this case, the U. S. Military) asks them to do so. † (Reiss, 2007) This implication is based on no less than the the APA’s code of conduct, which states, in full, â€Å"If psychologists’ ethical responsibilities conflict with law, regulations, or other governing legal authority, psychologists make known their commitment to the Ethics Code and take steps to resolve the conflict. If the conflict is unresolvable via such means, psychologists may adhere to the requirements of the law, regulations, or other governing legal authority. † (APA, 1992) This brings the issue to a whole new level – instead of the issue being an organizational or professional concern, it becomes a concern of individual integrity, which, by the way, becomes blurry when an individual is offered lucrative benefits and perks in exchange for that (your family name) 5 integrity. While the issue is obviously one that concerns not only the military, or the field of psychology, but the safety and welfare of even the most hostile subject of an interrogation, the APA Task Force served to bring the issue down to a more personal level to dismiss whatever argument is raised by the profession as a whole. Now, it is basically a question of, â€Å"As a psychologist, are you personally inclined to assist the military in their interrogatory operations even when these operations can be inhumane and can violate civil and human rights as long as the operations are within the â€Å"requirements of the law, regulations, or other governing legal authority† (APA, 1992)? † Many a psychologist would find an easy answer to this question, because this question does not require a psychologist to consult any code of ethics or any law; it simply requires that the psychologist go through the process of self-discernment and consider, first and foremost, his/her reasons for choosing the psychology profession, his/her commitments to the people that he/she serves, and his/her priorities in exercising his/her profession. The issue of whether psychologists should collaborate with the military in developing interrogation techniques that may be inhumane is beyond the jurisdiction of any law or code. This issue is a question of morality and integrity, which, in themselves, are very subjective areas of abstraction. In a moment of personal thought, psychologists should at least put themselves in the shoes of the victims of these inhumane interrogation – knowledge is indeed power, â€Å"and power corrupts† (Acton, 1887) Psychologists wield a considerable amount of knowledge with their training in the profession, and it is up to them whether they would use this knowledge to harm their fellow humans or not. (your family name) 6 The solution to this problem lies in the individual integrities of psychologists. Each psychologist should maintain an internal regulatory mechanism when participating in these operations. The secret is being able to say ‘no’ when what is being asked to be done is beyond our personal conviction, ideals, and the moral standards governing the profession. While laws and codes can only do so much in regulating what psychologists can do, these also serve as roads signs for psychologists so that they may be constantly reminded if they are already overstepping in their profession. On the issue of national security, some argue that the life of one can sometimes be dispensable for the life of all; this argument is a blind interpretation of the truth. Life, whether it be of only one, or of all is still life, and should not be meddled with in any aspect. Where does this put the psychologists conceding to collaborations with the military? In as much as we all want to believe in the integrity of our own chosen professions, we have to have faith in the individual and inherent goodness of man. We cannot condemn psychologists who work for the military just because we think what they are doing is inhumane, and it is also not up to us to pass personal judgment regarding the military’s motives; but in as much as we have hope and confidence in the rationality and discernment of human beings, we might as well advocate integrity and morality as a whole, not only in the field of psychology. Individual issues and motivations of psychologists cannot be questioned by a raging mob – but we can sure make them see the truth, and remind them of their commitment to the welfare of all, and not just for the satisfaction of brute and barbaric interests. (your family name) Works Cited Acton, John Emerich D. â€Å"Power corrupts; absolute power corrupts absolutely. † The Phrase Finder. 1887. 26 Feb. 2009 . APA. â€Å"Ethical Principles Of Psychologists And Code Of Conduct. † APA Online. 2003. 26 Feb. 2009 . Benjamin, Mark. â€Å"The CIA’s torture teachers. † Salon. com. 21 June 2007. 26 Feb. 2009 . Carey, Benedict. â€Å"U. S. psychologists debate role in military interrogations. † International Heral Tribune – The Americas. 16 Aug. 2008. 26 Feb. 2009 . Reiss, Natalie S. â€Å"The Psychologist’s Role in Military Interrogations. † Mentalhelp. net. 3 Aug. 2007. 26 Feb. 2009 .